Fetal DNA in maternal plasma: biology and diagnostic applications.
نویسنده
چکیده
BACKGROUND Molecular analysis of plasma DNA during human pregnancy has led to the discovery that maternal plasma contains both fetal and maternal DNA. This valuable source of fetal DNA opens up new possibilities for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis. APPROACH Published data from the last 3 years demonstrating the feasibility and utility of analyzing fetal DNA in maternal plasma are reviewed. CONTENT The detection of fetal DNA in maternal plasma is much simpler and more robust than detecting fetal nucleated cells in maternal blood, and does not require prior enrichment. This approach has been shown to have application in the prenatal diagnosis of fetal rhesus D status, sex-linked disorders, and other paternally inherited genetic disorders. Abnormal fetal DNA concentrations in maternal plasma and serum have been found in common pregnancy-associated disorders, including preterm labor and preeclampsia, as well as in pregnancies complicated by fetal trisomy 21. After delivery, fetal DNA is cleared rapidly from maternal plasma, with a half-life in the order of minutes. These clearance kinetics exhibit an important difference from fetal cell clearance, where long-term persistence has been demonstrated. SUMMARY It has been only 3 years since fetal DNA was first detected in maternal plasma, and much remains to be learned about the biology of this phenomenon. In addition, additional diagnostic applications beyond those discussed here can be expected in the near future.
منابع مشابه
An Effective Method for Detecting Y-chromosome Specific Sequences of Circulating Fetal DNA in Maternal Plasma During the First-trimester
Background and Aims: New advances in the use of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma of pregnant women has provided the possibility of applying cffDNA in prenatal diagnosis as a non-invasive method. One of the applications of prenatal diagnosis is fetal gender determination. Early prenatal determination of fetal sex is required for pregnant women at risk of X-linked and some endocrin...
متن کاملO-45: Quantification of Cell-Free-Fetal-DNAfrom Maternal Plasma for the First Time in Pakistan:Implications for Non-Invasive PrenatalDiagnosis of Genetic Disorders
Background: Current prenatal diagnosis requires invasive testing which carries a 1-4% procedure-related-risk of miscarriage; hence, non-invasive techniques are desired. The recent demonstration of cell-free-fetal-DNA enriched from maternal plasma has opened new possibilities for non-invasive-prenatal-diagnosis of not only genetic-disorders such as β-thalassaemia and haemophilia but also chromos...
متن کاملO-45: Quantification of Cell-Free-Fetal-DNAfrom Maternal Plasma for the First Time in Pakistan:Diagnosis of Genetic Disorders
Background: Current prenatal diagnosis requires invasive testing which carries a 1-4% procedure-related-risk of miscarriage; hence, non-invasive techniques are desired. The recent demonstration of cell-free-fetal-DNA enriched from maternal plasma has opened new possibilities for non-invasive-prenatal-diagnosis of not only genetic-disorders such as β-thalassaemia and haemophilia but also chromos...
متن کاملA Low-Cost Efficient Multiplex P CR for Prenatal Sex Determination in Bovine Fetus U sing Free Fetal DNA in Maternal Plasma
متن کامل
P-211: Quantitative Changes of Fetal DNA in Maternal Circulation during Pregnancy Based on Detection of SRY Gene in Ovine Species
Background: It is well documented that fetal DNA can cross the placenta and is present in peripheral maternal blood during pregnancy in human. This fetal DNA also named circulating cell free fetal DNA, has emerged as a valuable source for genetic evaluation. Compared with humans, ovine species have a different structure of placental (synepitheliochorial) with no direct contact between the troph...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Clinical chemistry
دوره 46 12 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2000